What is continuity in film?

Continuity in film is a set of rules to assure all camera shots go together naturally. It includes framing, camera positions, shot size and editing. The script supervisor is usually in charge of continuity. It needs to be maintained during and between shots. For example, make-up, hair, costume and props. Careful notes of each of these need to be maintained to ensure the state of stability and the absence of disruption. There are three ways to assure continuity in film.

The 180 degree rule is a guideline between characters on-screen. It places the character in a certain position to show the audience where each character is. During dialogue there is an imaginary straight line running between two characters. When the camera remains on one side of the line, it keeps the characters positions consistent between each shot.

Shot-reverse shot is a technique that is used alongside the 180 degree rule. During dialogue one character is seen looking at the other character opposite them. The audience tend to see over one characters shoulder whilst the other character talks, when the other character begins talking the shot switches to face the other way whilst still following the 180 degree rule. It is also an example of eye line match.

Match on action (or a match cut) is when two shots filmed from different positions are joined together. Editing is not continuous unlike the brain which can hide it. The action that is being performed from an angle in one shot is then performed again in another shot with another angle, when this is edited together and matched, the action continues without the brain noticing the seamless cut.For example, if someone is going to walk towards a door and reach for the handle just as their hand touches the door handle the scene will cut to a shot of the door opening from the other side.